Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene Oxide Derivatives via Functionalization Reaction with Hexamethylene Diisocyanate
Authors
Luceño Sánchez, José Antonio; Dragomir-Maties, Georgiana; González Arellano, María del Camino; Díez Pascual, Ana MaríaPublisher
MPDI
Date
2018-10-23Bibliographic citation
Luceño-Sánchez, J.A.; Maties, G.; Gonzalez-Arellano, C.; Diez-Pascual, A.M. Synthesis and Characterization of Graphene Oxide Derivatives via Functionalization Reaction with Hexamethylene Diisocyanate. Nanomaterials 2018, 8, 870. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano8110870
Keywords
Graphene oxide
Functionalization
Hexamethylene diisocyanate
Dispersion
Functionalization degree
Morphology
Hydrophobicity
Thermal stability
Document type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Publisher's version
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/8/11/870Rights
© 2018 by the authors
Atribución 4.0 Internacional
Access rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO), the oxidized form of graphene, shows unique properties including
high mechanical strength, optical transparency, amphiphilicity and surface functionalization
capability that make it attractive in fields ranging from medicine to optoelectronic devices and solar
cells. However, its insolubility in non-polar and polar aprotic solvents hinders some applications.
To solve this issue, novel functionalization strategies are pursued. In this regard, this study deals
with the preparation and characterization of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI)-functionalized GO.
Different reaction conditions were tested to optimize the functionalization degree (FD), and detailed
characterizations were conducted via elemental analysis, Fourier-transformed infrared (FT-IR) and
Raman spectroscopies to confirm the success of the functionalization reaction. The morphology of
HDI-GO was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), which revealed an increase in
the flake thickness with increasing FD. The HDI-GO showed a more hydrophobic nature than pristine
GO and could be suspended in polar aprotic solvents such as N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF),
N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as well as in low polar/non-polar
solvents like tetrahydrofuran (THF), chloroform and toluene; further, the dispersibility improved
upon increasing FD. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed that the covalent attachment of
HDI greatly improves the thermal stability of GO, ascribed to the crosslinking between adjacent sheets,
which is interesting for long-term electronics and electrothermal device applications. The HDI-GO
samples can further react with organic molecules or polymers via the remaining oxygen groups,
hence are ideal candidates as nanofillers for high-performance GO-based polymer nanocomposites.
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