Frequency stability requirements in quasi-integer-ratio time-expanded phase-sensitive OTDR
Authors
Soriano Amat, Miguel; Fidalgo Martins, Hugo; Durán, Vicente; Fermoso Santos, Pablo; Martín López, Sonia; [et al.]Identifiers
Permanent link (URI): http://hdl.handle.net/10017/58206DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2022.3217651
ISSN: 0733-8724
Publisher
IEEE
Date
2022-10-27Funders
Comunidad de Madrid
Generalitat Valenciana
Universitat Jaume I
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
Agencia Estatal de Investigación
Bibliographic citation
Soriano Amat, M., Martins, H.F., Durán, V., Fermoso, P., Martín López, S., González Herráez, M. & Fernández Ruiz, M.R. 2023, "Frequency stability requirements in quasi-integer-ratio time-expanded phase-sensitive OTDR", Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 41, no. 2, pp. 777-783.
Keywords
Dual frequency comb
Modulation coding
Optical time-domain reflectometry
Scattering Rayleigh
Quasi-integer-ratio
Project
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/CAM//S2018%2FNMT4326/ES/SENSORES E INSTRUMENTACION EN TECNOLOGIAS FOTONICAS2/SINFOTON2
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/GVA//PROMETEO%2F2020%2F029
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/UJI//UJI-B2019-45/ES/Fiber-optic distributed sensing using ultra-dense frequency combs generated from continuous-wave lasers/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN//PLEC2021-007875/ES/SISTEMA DE MONITORIZACION PARA LA PROTECCION Y MANTENIMIENTO PREDICTIVO DE INFRAESTRUCTURAS DE CABLE SUBMARINO/PSI
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RTI2018-097957-B-C31/ES/INGENIERIA DE SEÑALES OPTICAS COMPLEJAS PARA SISTEMAS DE FIBRA OPTICA MAS ALLA DE LA TELECOMUNICACION/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RTI2018-097957-B-C32/ES/INGENIERIA DE PEINES DE FRECUENCIA DE BAJO COSTE PARA APLICACIONES DE SENSADO DISTRIBUIDO, ESPECTROSCOPIA Y METROLOGIA/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RTI2018-097957-B-C33/ES/TECNICAS AVANZADAS DE GENERACION, AMPLIFICACION Y MEDIDA DE SEÑALES OPTICAS COMPLEJAS EN FIBRA OPTICA/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica, Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2021-128000OB-C21
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN/ Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica, Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PID2021-128000OB-C22
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN//IJC2018–035684-I
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN//PRE-2019-087444
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN//RYC-2017-23668
Document type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Version
info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion
Publisher's version
https://doi.org/10.1109/JLT.2022.3217651Rights
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
© 2022 IEEE
Access rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Time-expanded phase sensitive (TE-φ)OTDR is a recently reported technique for distributed fiber sensing that relies on the use of an electro-optic dual frequency comb (DFC) scheme. A distinctive feature of this approach is its ability to provide high spatial resolution (on the centimeter scale) with detection bandwidths orders of magnitude lower than those of conventional φOTDR systems. The stringent trade-off between resolution, range and sensing bandwidth that exists in TE-φ OTDR has demonstrated to be substantially relaxed by implementing two frequency combs with quasi-integer-ratio repetition rates. However, employing very dissimilar line separations (with a ratio between them > 100) is challenging due to the need of keeping the coherence over long sequences of interferograms, which eventually limits the attainable range. In this paper, we formulate the requirements for the frequency stability of the reference clock used in a quasi-integer-ratio DFC scheme. This analysis allows us to stablish the limits on the number of comb lines (i.e., on the number of available independent sensing points) for a particular reference clock. By using a rubidium atomic clock (with a relative frequency stability of ~10-13), we demonstrate up to 105 sensing points along 2 km of fiber with tens of Hz sensing bandwidth.
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