RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article
T1 Cooperative demand response framework for a smart community targeting renewables: testbed implementation and performance evaluation
A1 Cruz de la Torre, Carlos
A1 Palomar González, Esther
A1 Bravo Muñoz, Ignacio
A1 Gardel Vicente, Alfredo
K1 Cooperative demand response
K1 Consumption scheduling
K1 Renewable supply
K1 Raspberry Pi board
K1 Performance evaluation
K1 CoAP
K1 MQTT
K1 TLS/DTLS
K1 Electrónica
K1 Electronics
AB Demand response (DR) is emerging as the workhorse of achieving energy efficiencyand reducing our carbon footprint, which persists as a major challenge amongst all the differentenergy-chain players, i.e., the utility providers, policy makers, consumers, and the technology sector. For instance, the Internet-of-Things (IoT) paradigm and network-enabled appliances/devices haveescalated the expectations of what technology could do for the acceptance of DR programs. In thiswork, we design, deploy on a scalable pilot testbed, and evaluate a collaboration-based approachto the demand-side management of a community of electricity consumers that jointly targets greenconsumption. The design of the framework architecture is centralized via the so-called aggregator,which optimizes the demand scheduled by consumers along with their time frame preferencestowards the maximization of the consumption of renewables. On the pilot, we opt for lightweight,yet efficient platforms such as Raspberry Pi boards,and evaluate them over a series of networkprotocols, i.e., MQTT-TLS and CoAP-DTLS, paying special attention to the security and privacy of thecommunications over Z-Wave, ZigBee, andWiFi. The experiments conducted are configured usingtwo active Living Labs datasets from which we extract three community scenarios that vary accordingto the flexibility or rigidity of the appliances’ operation time frame demand. During the performanceevaluation, processing and communication overheads lie within feasible ranges, i.e., the aggregatorrequires less than 2 s to schedule a small consumer community with four appliances, whereas thelatency of its link to households’ controllers adds less than 100 ms. In addition, we demonstratethat our implementations running over WiFi links and UDP sockets on Raspberry Pi 4 boards arefast, though insecure. By contrast, secure CoAP (with DTLS) offers data encryption, automatic keymanagement, and integrity protection, as well as authentication with acceptable overheads.
PB MDPI
SN 1996-1073
YR 2020
FD 2020-06-05
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10017/43232
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10017/43232
LA eng
NO Comunidad de Madrid
DS MINDS@UW
RD 28-abr-2024