Synthesis and in vivo evaluation of non-hepatotoxic acetaminophen analogs
Authors
Vaccarino, Anthony L.; Paul, Dennis; Mukherjee, Pranab K.; Rodríguez de Turco, Elena B.; Marcheselli, Victor L.; [et al.]Identifiers
Permanent link (URI): http://hdl.handle.net/10017/4194DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.07.054
ISSN: 0968-0896
Publisher
Elsevier
Date
2007Funders
MDA972-03-C-010 (Defense Advanced Research Programs Agency-DARPA)
Neurobiotechnology Program of Louisiana
Bibliographic citation
Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, 2007, v.15, n.5, p.2206-2215
Keywords
Acetaminophen
Hepatotoxicity
Analgesic
Glutathione
Fas ligand constitutive androstane receptor
Document type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Publisher's version
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2006.07.054Rights
© Elsevier, 2006
Access rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
A series of acetaminophen (APAP) analogs, 2-(1,1-dioxido-3-oxo-1,2-benzisothiazol-2(3H)-yl)-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)alkanecarboxamides, bearing a heterocyclic moiety linked to the p-acylaminophenol fragment, were prepared in a general project to develop APAP analogs with modulated pharmacokinetic profiles. Unexpectedly, the products described maintained the in vivo analgesic profile, while the characteristic hepatotoxicity of APAP was consistently reduced. One of the products, 5a, was studied in vivo in comparison with APAP. Compound 5a displayed an analgesic efficacy comparable to that of APAP. A relatively high acute oral dose of 5a (6 mmol/kg) produced no measurable toxicity, whereas the equimolar dose of APAP increased transaminase activity, depleted hepatic and renal glutathione, and resulted in mortality. In human hepatocytes (HEPG-2) and in human primary cultures of normal liver cells, APAP, but not 5a, was associated with apoptotic cell death, Fas-ligand up-regulation, and CAR (constitutive androstane receptor) activation, contributing to a favorable safety profile of 5a as an orally delivered analgesic.
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