RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article T1 Within and between panel cointegration in the German Regional Output-Trade-FDI Nexus T2 Cointegración de panel entre e intra-grupos: las relaciones entre producción, comercio e inversión extranjera directa para las regiones alemanas A1 Mitze, Timo K1 Global cointegration K1 Spatial Durbin model K1 Growth K1 Trade K1 FDI K1 Cointegración global K1 Modelo espacial Durbin K1 Crecimiento K1 Comercio K1 Inversión extranjera directa K1 Economía K1 Economics K1 Geografía K1 Geography K1 Sociología K1 Sociology AB For spatial data with a sufficiently long time dimension, the conceptof «global» cointegration has been recently introduced to the econometrics research agenda. Global cointegration arises when non-stationary time series are cointegrated both within and between spatial units. In this paper, we analyze the role of globally cointegrated variable relationships using German regional data(NUTS1 level) for GDP, trade, and FDI activity during the period 1976-2005. Applying various homogeneous and heterogeneous panel data estimators to a Spatial Panel Error Correction Model (SpECM) for regional output growth allows us to analyze the short- and long-run impacts of internationalization activities. For thelong-run cointegration equation, the empirical results support the hypothesis of export- and FDI-led growth. We also show that for export and outward FDI activity positive cross-regional effects are at work. Likewise, in the short-run SpECM specification, direct and indirect spatial externalities are found to be present. PB Asociación Española de Ciencia Regional (AECR) SN 2340-2717 YR 2011 FD 2011 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10017/27422 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10017/27422 LA eng DS MINDS@UW RD 28-mar-2024