Fernando de los Ríos y Juan F. de Cárdenas : dos embajadores para la guerra de España (1936-1939)

Abstract

This article explores the activities of propaganda, network building and political and economic pressure performed in the United States by supporters of both sides in the Spanish Civil War, under the leadership of Fernando de los Ríos, Spanish ambassador to the United States, and Francisco F. de Cárdenas, representative of the Franco side in that country. Apart from articles, monographs and memoirs, main sources include pamphlets, periodicals, and documents localed in the National Archives of Washington, D.C., the General Archive of the Administration of Alcalá de Henares, the Archive of the Foreign Affairs Ministry of Madrid, the Franklin D. Roosevelt Library of Hyde Park, NY {Official File and Ernest L. Cuneo Papers), the Catholic University of Washington, D.C. (William F. Montavon Papers), and the Library of Congress of Washington, D.C.