The differential influences of human-induced disturbances on tree regeneration community: a landscape approach
Authors
Zamorano Elgueta, Carlos; Cayuela Delgado, Luis; Rey Benayas, José María; Donoso, Pablo; Geneletti, Davide; [et al.]Identifiers
Permanent link (URI): http://hdl.handle.net/10017/21454DOI: 10.1890/ES14-00003.1
ISSN: 2150-8925
Publisher
Ecological Society of America
Date
2014Funders
C. Zamorano-Elgueta was supported by a CON-
ICYT pre-doctoral fellowship (Government of Chile),
the European Comission (Project contract DCI-ENV/
2010/222-412), the Chilean NGO Forest Engineers for
Native Forest (Forestales por el Bosque Nativo, www.
bosquenativo.cl) and project REMEDINAL-2 (Comu-
nidad de Madrid, S2009/AMB-1783). L. Cayuela was
supported by project REMEDINAL-2. This work is
part of the objectives of projects CGL2010-18312
(CICYT, Ministerio de Economı́a y Competividad de
Espana). The authors acknowledge the valuable
support of Vero ́nica Pı́riz, Cony Becerra, Rodrigo
Gangas, Oscar Concha, Eduardo Neira and staff from
the Valdivian Coastal Reserve, as well as the National
Forest Service of Chile (Corporación Nacional Forestal)
Comunidad de Madrid
Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
Comisión Europea
Bibliographic citation
Ecosphere, 2014, v. 5, n. 7, art. 90
Keywords
Cattle grazing
Chile
Community composition
Forest successional stages
Land tenure
Low-intensity disturbance
'Predict first, assemble later' modeling
Selective logging
Temperate forest
Project
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/CAM//S2009%2FAMB-1783/ES/Restauración y conservación de los ecosistemas madrileños: respuesta frente al cambio global/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MICINN//CGL2010-18312/ES/RESTAURACION DE LA BIODIVERSIDAD Y LOS SERVICIOS ECOSISTEMICOS EN SISTEMAS AGRARIOS. UN ENFOQUE MULTI-ESCALA/
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/DCI-ENV%2F2010%2F222-412/ES//
Document type
info:eu-repo/semantics/article
Version
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Publisher's version
http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/ES14-00003.1Rights
Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 España
© Ecological Society of America, 2014
Access rights
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Abstract
Understanding the processes shaping biological communities under interacting disturbances is
a core challenge in ecology. Although the impacts of human-induced disturbances on forest ecosystems have
been extensively studied, less attention has been paid to understanding how tree regeneration at the
community level responds to such disturbances. Moreover, these previous studies have not considered how
these effects change according to major social and environmental factors that can influence forest use at a
landscape scale. In this study, we investigate the effects of cattle grazing and selective logging on the
composition of tree regeneration communities in relation to forest successional stage and land tenure regime
in Chilean temperate forests, a global biodiversity hotspot. We recorded seedlings, saplings and basal area of
stumps of tree species (as a surrogate for selective logging), and number of cattle dung pats (as a surrogate
for cattle pressure) in 129 25 3 20 m plots in small (,200 ha) and large properties in different successional
stages (old-growth, intermediate, secondary forests). The regeneration of the ten more abundant species as
predicted by human disturbance, land tenure, forest successional stage, and number of parent trees was
modelled using generalised linear models. Predictions for each individual model were made under different
scenarios of human disturbance. The predicted regeneration results were assembled and subjected to
ordination analyses and permutation multivariate analyses of variance to determine differences in
regeneration composition under each scenario. In most cases, best-fit models contained at least one of the
explanatory variables accounting for human disturbance. The effects of selective logging on tree regeneration
varied depending on land tenure regime, but cattle grazing always exhibited a negative effect. Our results
revealed that cattle have a more negative effect on forest regeneration than selective logging, especially in
old-growth forests and small properties. Our analytical approach contributes to the understanding of the
differential influence of human-induced disturbances on the tree regeneration community at a landscape
scale. It can inform conservation policies and actions, which should focus on addressing themain disturbance
factors and on developing strategies to conserve the most sensitive species to such disturbances.
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