%0 Journal Article 
%A Bigell, Werner
%A Chang, Cheng
%T The meanings of landscape : historical development, cultural frames, linguistic variation, and antonyms
%D 2014
%@ 2171-9594
%U http://hdl.handle.net/10017/20229
%X The article presents the shifts of meaning of the term landscape in English and other Germanic languages, from territory to vista and social arena. The concept of landscape forms part of a cultural frame of reference, and changes in the cultural context also affect the meaning of landscape. The dependency of the meaning of landscape on context is shown in an overview of what landscape means in other languages: Spanish, Russian, Thai, Arabic, and Chinese. The different meanings of landscape can also be elucidated by identifying its antonyms, the anti-landscape and the non-landscape. Although commonly criticized in the academic field as being deterministic, early attempts to map the influence of landscape on culture should be re-evaluated in the current trend to understand landscape systemically.

%K Platial and spatial landscape
%K Anti-landscape
%K Non-landscape
%K Ratzel
%K Sarmiento
%K Olwig
%K Paisaje espacial y situado
%K Anti-paisaje
%K No paisaje
%K Literatura
%K Literature
%K Medio ambiente
%K Environmental science
%~ Biblioteca Universidad de Alcala